Earlier But Risky Ocean Exploration
Naval Units can enter ocean tiles at Sailing, BUT there is a chance of the unit being lost or damaged each time it enters an ocean tile. Risk for embarked units of being damaged or lost goes away after researching Cartography. Odds are reduced for the AI since it won’t understand that it needs to avoid the ocean.
Galley and embarked units(pre-cartography): 15% chance of being destroyed. 50% chance of receiving 15 damaged.
Quadrireme: 10% chance of being destroyed. 35% chance of receiving 10 damaged.
Longship: 8% chance of being destroyed. 35% chance of receiving 15 damaged.
Bireme: 15% chance of being destroyed. 40% chance of receiving 10 damaged.